Corrigendum: First do no harm overlooked: Analysis of COVID-19 clinical guidance for maternal and newborn care from 101 countries shows breastfeeding widely undermined.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1049610.].

First do no harm overlooked: Analysis of COVID-19 clinical guidance for maternal and newborn care from 101 countries shows breastfeeding widely undermined.

Background: In March 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) published clinical guidance for the care of newborns of mothers with COVID-19. Weighing the available evidence on SARS-CoV-2 infection against the well-established harms of maternal-infant separation, the WHO recommended maternal-infant proximity and breastfeeding even in the presence of maternal infection. Since then, the WHO's approach has been validated by further research. However, early in the pandemic there was poor global alignment with the WHO recommendations. Methods: We assessed guidance documents collected in November and December 2020 from 101 countries and two regional agencies on the care of newborns of mothers with COVID-19 for alignment with the WHO recommendations. Recommendations considered were: (1) skin-to-skin contact; (2) early initiation of breastfeeding; (3) rooming-in; (4) direct breastfeeding; (5) provision of expressed breastmilk; (6) provision of donor human milk; (7) wet nursing; (8) provision of breastmilk substitutes; (9) relactation; (10) psychological support for separated mothers; and (11) psychological support for separated infants. Results: In less than one-quarter of country guidance were the three key breastfeeding facilitation practices of skin-to-skin contact, rooming-in, and direct breastfeeding recommended. Donor human milk was recommended in under one-quarter of guidance. Psychological support for mothers separated from their infants was recommended in 38%. Few countries recommended relactation, wet nursing, or psychological support for infants separated from mothers. In three-quarters of country guidance, expressed breastmilk for infants unable to directly breastfeed was recommended. The WHO and the United Kingdom's Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists were each cited by half of country guidance documents with the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention directly or indirectly cited by 40%. Conclusion: Despite the WHO recommendations, many COVID-19 maternal and newborn care guidelines failed to recommend skin-to-skin contact, rooming-in, and breastfeeding as the standard of care. Irregular guidance updates and the discordant, but influential, guidance from the United States Centers for Disease Control may have been contributory. It appeared that once recommendations were made for separation or against breastfeeding they were difficult to reverse. In the absence of quality evidence on necessity, recommendations against breastfeeding should not be made in disease epidemics.

Online collective care spaces: health promotion in times of isolation due to COVID-19 / Espaços on-line de cuidados coletivos: promoção da saúde em tempos de isolamento pela COVID-19 / Espacios en línea de cuidados colectivos: promoción de la salud en tiempos de aislamiento por COVID-19

Objetivo: Relatar a experiência das ações de cuidado on-line realizadas pelo Grupo de Trabalho Promoção e Prevenção à Saúde da Universidade de Brasília (UnB) no contexto da pandemia da COVID-19. Síntese dos Dados: Trata-se de um relato de experiência das ações de promoção e prevenção da saúde mental para a comunidade acadêmica da UnB, no período de março a julho de 2020. Adotou-se a metodologia da sistematização de experiência utilizando registros das observações em diários de campo das ações de cuidado on-line: terapia comunitária, técnica de relaxamento, bate-papo literário e cartas solidárias. Assim, com base na empatia, solidariedade, cuidado e interatividade, as ações desenvolvidas envolveram vários atores sociais com experiências diversas, visando à cooperação em busca de soluções possíveis para promoção da saúde da comunidade acadêmica, em tempos de pandemia. Conclusão: A descoberta de espaços virtuais como potencialidades terapêuticas revelou ser um caminho possível para o fortalecimento das redes de cuidado, conexões e laços afetivos entre a comunidade acadêmica num momento de restrição social devido à COVID-19, apesar das inúmeras limitações impostas pelo uso da tecnologia.

Objective: To report the experience of online care actions carried out by the Health Promotion and Prevention Working Group of the University of Brasília (Universidade de Brasília ­ UnB) in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Data Synthesis: This is an experience report on mental health promotion and disease prevention actions developed for the academic community of UnB from March to July 2020. The methodology of systematization of experience was adopted using records of observations of online care actions in field journals: community therapy, relaxation technique, literary chat and solidarity letters. Thus, based on empathy, solidarity, care and interactivity, the actions developed involved several social actors with different experiences aiming at cooperation in search for possible solutions to promote the health of the academic community in times of pandemic. Conclusion: The discovery of virtual spaces as therapeutic potentialities proved to be a possible way to strengthen care networks, connections and affective bonds among the academic community at a time of social restriction due to COVID-19, despite the numerous limitations imposed by the use of the technology

Objetivo: Informar la experiencia de las acciones de cuidado en línea realizadas por el Grupo de Trabajo, Promoción y prevención a la Salud de la Universidad de Brasilia (UnB) en el contexto de la pandemia de COVID-19. Síntesis de los Datos: Se trata de un informe de experiencia de las acciones de promoción de la salud mental para la comunidad académica de la UnB, en el período de marzo a julio de 2020. Se adoptó la metodología de sistematización de experiencia utilizando registros de las observaciones en diarios de campo de las acciones de cuidado en línea: terapia comunitaria, técnica de relajamiento, charla literaria y cartas solidarias. Así, con base en la empatía, solidaridad, cuidado e interactividad, las acciones desarrolladas envolvieron varios actores sociales con diversas experiencias, buscando la cooperación para encontrar posibles soluciones para promoción de la salud de la comunidad académica, en tiempos de pandemia. Conclusión: El descubrimiento de espacios virtuales como potencialidades terapéuticas reveló ser un camino posible para el fortalecimiento de las redes de cuidado, conexiones y lazos afectivos entre la comunidad académica en un momento de restricción social debido a COVID-19, a pesar de las innúmeras limitaciones impuestas por el uso de la tecnología.

Psychosocial telemonitoring and teleorientation for older adults in the Social Security (EsSalud) during the first six months of the COVID-19 pandemic in Peru

Introduction: The Peruvian Social Security during the COVID-19 pandemic implemented a psychosocial remote care program for older adults in order to improve their quality of life and prevent the development of mental problems. The study: Analysis of secondary data from records generated by teams from the Senior Centers at the national level between May and October 2020, with the aim to describe the experience of implementing Psychosocial telemonitoring and teleorientation for elderly patients during COVID-19 pandemic. Findings: A total of 154 280 follow-ups and 36 492 remote care services were provided to older adults. The main interventions provided were emotional support (75.5%) and social counseling (53.8%). The most recorded moods were calmness and worry. Feelings of worry, stress, sadness, and fear are higher in the reports with COVID-19 compared to those without COVID-19. Conclusion: Psychosocial telemonitoring and teleorientation for older adults can be used as another way to provide comprehensive care in elderly population. © 2022 by the Author(s).

A Review Study on the Trends of Psychological Challenges, Coping Ways, and Public Support During the COVID-19 Pandemic in the Vulnerable Populations in the United States.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in significant mortality and morbidity in the United States. The mental health impact during the pandemic was huge and affected all age groups and population types. We reviewed the existing literature to understand the present trends of psychological challenges and different coping strategies documented across different vulnerable sections of the United States population. This rapid review was carried out to investigate the trends in psychological impacts, coping ways, and public support during the COVID-19 pandemic crisis in the United States. Materials and Methods: We undertook a rapid review of the literature following the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States. We searched PubMed as it is a widely available database for observational and experimental studies that reported the psychological effects, coping ways, and public support on different age groups and healthcare workers (HCWs) during the COVID-19 pandemic. Results: We included thirty-five studies in our review and reported data predominantly from the vulnerable United States population. Our review findings indicate that COVID-19 has a considerable impact on the psychological wellbeing of various age groups differently, especially in the elderly population and HCWs. Review findings suggest that factors like children, elderly population, female gender, overconcern about family, fear of getting an infection, personality, low spirituality, and lower resilience levels were at a higher risk of adverse mental health outcomes during this pandemic. Systemic support, higher resilience levels, and adequate knowledge were identified as protecting and preventing factors. There is a paucity of similar studies among the general population, and we restricted our review specifically to vulnerable subgroups of the population. All the included studies in our review investigated and surveyed the psychological impacts, coping skills, and public support system during the COVID-19 pandemic. Conclusion: The evidence to date suggests that female gender, child and elderly population, and racial factors have been affected by a lack of support for psychological wellbeing. Further, research using our hypothesized framework might help any population group to deal with a pandemic-associated mental health crisis, and in that regard, analysis of wider societal structural factors is recommended.

Postpartum women's psychological experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic: a modified recurrent cross-sectional thematic analysis.

BACKGROUND: COVID-19 has placed additional stressors on mothers during an already vulnerable lifecourse transition. Initial social distancing restrictions (Timepoint 1; T1) and initial changes to those social distancing restrictions (Timepoint 2; T2) have disrupted postpartum access to practical and emotional support. This qualitative study explores the postpartum psychological experiences of UK women during different phases of the COVID-19 pandemic and associated 'lockdowns'. METHODS: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 12 women, approximately 30 days after initial social distancing guidelines were imposed in the UK (22 April 2020). A separate 12 women were interviewed approximately 30 days after the initial easing of social distancing restrictions (10 June 2020). Data were transcribed verbatim, uploaded into NVivo for management and analysis, which followed a recurrent cross-sectional approach to thematic analysis. RESULTS: Two main themes were identified for T1: 'Motherhood is Much Like Lockdown' and 'A Self-Contained Family Unit'. Each main T1 theme contained two sub-themes. Two main themes were also identified for T2: 'Incongruously Held Views of COVID-19' and 'Mothering Amidst the Pandemic'. Each main T2 theme contained three sub-themes. Comparisons between data gathered at each timepoint identified increased emotional distress over time. Current findings call for the improvement of postpartum care by improving accessibility to social support, and prioritising the re-opening of schools, and face-to-face healthcare appointments and visitation. CONCLUSION: Social distancing restrictions associated with COVID-19 have had a cumulative, negative effect on postpartum mental health. Recommendations such as: Allowing mothers to 'bubble' with a primary support provider even at their healthcare appointments; allowing one support partner to attend all necessary healthcare appointments; and providing tailored informational resources, may help to support postpartum emotional wellbeing during this, and similar health crises in the future.

Contingency plan of the Clinical Management Unit for Psychiatry and Mental Health (CMUPMH) of the Infanta Cristina University Hospital (ICUH) for the COVID-19 pandemic

The letter briefs about the strategic steps taken by the Spanish government for the COVID-19 pandemic. The current situation led the Spanish government to decree a state of alarm in March 2020, including a renewable lockdown which, together with the experiences of stress generated by infection, isolation and grieving, are setting off reactions of anxiety, acute stress or aggravation of existing mental problems. Strategic guidelines are planned for three phases: an initial phase during the emergency, a second phase during the reopening, and a final phase of new normality, with different areas of action in each. Those phases could correspond to the different levels of risk established by the Ministry of Health depending on the epidemiological outlook. The Plan has followed the indications and strategic guidelines set out in the ROCMHA Guide. Changing scenarios make new organization of health care necessary at all levels of intervention. The CMUPMH has shown itself to be flexible and permeable during the pandemic, by reassigning functions and modifying procedures. Psychiatrists have acted as general practitioners, and Emotional Support Programmes have been set up for professionals and for family members. Homeworking and telemedicine have been introduced. Having a Contingency Plan for use in emergency situations enables us to prepare for new challenges and to anticipate changes, providing care for the most vulnerable sections of the population under the principles of equity, universality, efficiency and quality. Drawing up this plan enables us to identify a set of measures and concrete steps in response to any states of emergency that might occur in the future, turning a crisis into an opportunity. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved)

Oncology nursing in the Global South during COVID-19.

In mid-2020, a call was made to oncology nurses in the Global South to share their experiences managing patient care during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Eighteen submissions were received from 16 countries across Latin America, Africa, Europe and Asia. Three were research-based and 15 were personal narratives on the psychosocial impact of COVID-19 on the nurses, colleagues, patients and families. Three narratives were from oncology nurses working with cancer-related non-governmental organisations locally or, in one case, internationally. A simultaneous literature search for publications (including grey literature) was performed to identify themes of COVID-19's impact in these 16 countries and specifically on oncology nurses and patients/families. Four themes were identified: a) interruptions to care; b) support/resource shortages; c) psychosocial impact on nurses and patients and d) staffing and nursing role impacts. The three research-based studies describe oncology nursing in-depth efforts to explore the impact of COVID-19. Findings in the 15 narratives are briefly presented according to the four themes identified in the literature. Due to the severe shortage of physician adult and paediatric oncology specialists, oncology nurses in the Global South often shoulder much of the care for patients with cancer and even more so during COVID-19 with attendant oncology nursing shortages due to reassignment to COVID-19 units. It is important to hear from these critical members of the oncology nursing workforce who often lack the time, resources or training to publish in peer-reviewed journals in English, particularly in the middle of a pandemic. Giving voice to these nurses documents the reality of their work and ability to continue to provide care despite the chaos and rapidly changing guidelines and government action. Lessons learned by these nurses to improve mental health and psychosocial support of the nurses as well as their patients/families will be essential for the next global pandemic.

Stress and associated factors with received and needed support in medical students during COVID-19 pandemic: a multicenter study.

PURPOSE: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is a global health crisis that has impacted daily life due to the policies created to contain the outbreak. Recent studies showed that medical students, a high-stress population, experienced deteriorated mental well-being during the pandemic. The aim of the present study was to assess stress and the need for support among Thai medical students during the COVID-19 pandemic, as a multicenter study. METHODS: The present study was a cross-sectional questionnaire-based study which collected data from second through sixth year medical students. Data was collected during the pandemic from multiple medical schools spanning all six regions of Thailand. Questionnaires included: demographic data; the Thai version of the Perceived Stress Scale-10 (T-PSS-10) assessing stress level and the sources of stress; and the received supports from medical schools, the satisfaction with the supports, and the further necessary needs. RESULTS: There were 1,395 medical students who responded to the questionnaires. Mean T-PSS-10 score was 17.8. Most of the sources of stress were related to the changing of teaching and evaluation system. Students residing in larger medical schools were significantly more satisfied with received support and tended to gain greater support than those in medium and small sized schools. Stress-relieving activities arrangement was considered the most sought after additional support by students. CONCLUSION: Medical student stress levels were higher during the pandemic compared to pre-pandemic levels. Stress relieving activities, availability and access to mental health resources, and other strategies to reduce stress among medical students are urgently needed.

COVID-19 Pandemic and Mental Health of Vulnerable Two Groups: Developmental Trauma of the Child-Adolescents and Work Disaster of Health Care Workers.

COVID-19 has spread worldwide. People are struggling to adjust to a new normal, but changes in their daily routines are also causing stress. A person may feel depressed, uneasy, or suicidal and may complain of symptoms such as panic attacks, post-traumatic stress disease (PTSD), psychosis, obsessive-compulsive disorder, or paranoia when personal resilience cannot effectively process the stress. Children, adolescents, and health care workers are especially psychologically vulnerable groups in the pandemic calamity situation; therefore, a long-term intervention plan is necessary for them. When intervening with children and adolescents, it should be considered that each individual has different ways of expressing stress according to the developmental level of cognition, language, and emotion, and taking into account these developmental levels, it is necessary to help them achieve developmental tasks appropriate for their age. Health care workers feel psychological pain from problems such as the risk of becoming infected, the risk of passing the virus to their families, overwork, isolation, and stigma. Therefore, it is necessary to help them recover themselves by supplying personal protective equipment and providing the most basic resources necessary for adequate rest, work-life balance, and childcare.